INEI presented document about internal migration and mobility to study and work in metropolitan areas

In the city of Trujillo, the Chief (e) of the National Institute of Statistics and Informatics (INEI), Mr. Peter Abad Altamirano, presented a document “Peru: Internal Migration and Mobility to Study and Work in five Metropolitan areas, 2007 and 2017”. This study quantifies and analyze the levels, patterns and effects of the migration and daily mobility of the cities of Arequipa, Cusco, Iquitos, Lima and Trujillo.

This is the third document about internal migration that the INEI presents. This document is differentiated because it is focused in the displacement inside the cities studied, especially in the movement between the districts that are part of this study.

The Chief of the INEI outstood that the document is innovative due to the studies of migration and mobility to study and work that had been performed in specific metropolitan areas with intra-metropolitan focus; as well as by including the disaggregation of social indicators linked to different expressions of inequality.

Abad Altamirano was accompanied by the representatives of CELADE-CEPAL, CERPLAN, Universidad San Pedro (USP) and the Regional Government of La Libertad.

Among the main results obtained of the population it is stressed that the cities of Lima, Arequipa, Trujillo, Cusco and Iquitos concentrate 41.9% of the population registered during the census of 2017, which is equivalent to 12 million 297 thousand 370 persons, a higher figure in 1 million 435 thousand 194 persons, compared to 2007.

During the inter-census period 2007 and 2017, the population of the city of Trujillo increased in 142 thousand 179 persons, with an annual average growth rate of 1.7%, lower to the increase of the cities of Arequipa that outstood by having the greatest inter-census growth rate (2.1%) and Cusco (1.8%). On the other hand, it overcomes Lima Metropolitan area and Callao (1.2%) and Iquitos (-0.7%).

According to the census 2007 and 2017, almost with no exception, the intensity of intra-metropolitan migration was higher in men than in women. It outstood the increase of the male intra-metropolitan migrant population in Trujillo (0.3 percentage point), between both censuses.

It was also observed that the intra-metropolitan migratory intensity in the city of Trujillo, was higher between the Young people of 15 to 29 years of age and Young adults of 30 to 44 years of age; meanwhile, it was lower in the group of children of 5 to 14 years of age and in older adults of 60 years of age and older. Between the years 2007 and 2017, the migratory intensity of older adult population slightly decreased.

According to the censuses of 2007 and 2017, the intensity of intra-metropolitan migration tends to increase with the educational level. The greater intensity was registered in the population group with university and non-university education level. By cities, in Trujillo increased in 0.6 and 0.9 percentage points, the intra-metropolitan migrants with non-university and university superior education level, respectively.

According to the ethnic self-identification, in the city of Trujillo, the migratory intensity was higher among the population that self-identifies as indigenous (5.4%) and Afro-Peruvian (4.8%). On the other hand, in Arequipa and Lima, the greater proportion was observed among the Afro-Peruvians, according to the results of the 2017 Census.

The daily mobility intensity to study presents similar patterns. The students of 3 to 12 years of age mobilize in lower proportion than those students of 13 to 18 years of age. In the age group of 19 years of age and older, the percentage of mobility intensity to study was greater. In the city of Trujillo, these proportions are equivalent to 13.1% in the group of 3 to 12 years of age, 28.6% in the group of 13 to 18 years of age and 41.2% in the students of 19 years of age and older.

It is important to point out that, the intra-metropolitan mobility intensity to study is associated with the education level reached, the students with superior education level (university or non- university) registers the greater intensity of mobility to study. Therefore, in the city of Trujillo, 35.0% corresponds to those that have a non-university superior education level and 31.5% to those with university superior education level.

In the cities under study, the intra-metropolitan mobility to work, was higher in the age group of 14 to 29 years of age and in the age group of 30 to 44 years of age. In this sense, in the city of Trujillo, 30.3% and 28.8% of the population of 14 to 29 years of age and the population of 30 to 44 years of age, respectively, mobilize to work.

According to the education level reached, the population with higher mobility was that that reached superior education level (university and non- university) which inserted in the labor market mainly as “employee” followed by “independent worker or worker by its own”. In the city of Trujillo, the proportions represented 31.5% for those that have non-university superior education level and 30.4% for those that have university superior education level.