57.4% Of The Venezuelan Population That Resides In Peru Is Between 20 And 49 Years Old

The National Institute of Statistics and Informatics (INEI) informed that according to the results of the Second Survey addressed to Venezuelan Population (II ENPOVE) 2022, 57.4% of the refugee and migrant population of Venezuela in Peru is between 20 and 49 years old; meanwhile that, 6.4% are under 15 to 19 years old, 28.3% is 0 to 14 years old and 7.7% are Venezuelans between 50 to 79 years old. 

 

The study “Living Conditions of Venezuelan Population that resides in Peru”, prepared with the information of the survey, makes clear that 50.6% of the refugee and migrant Venezuelan population in our country are women and the 49.4% are men. According to civil status, 57.7% of this population has a couple. From this percentage 44.1% are cohabitants an the 13.6% are married. Meanwhile that the 33.3% are single, 6.7% are separated or ex-cohabitants, 1.2% are widow and 1.1% divorced.

 

It is worth to mention that according to the information of the National Migration Superintendence, up to 2021, the quantity of foreign residents in our country amounted the million 374 thousand, from which the 87% are from Venezuelan nationality. 

 

The Second Survey addressed to Venezuelan Population 2022, was performed with the objective of collecting information about the demographic, migratory, health, education, employment, discrimination and victimization characteristics of the refugee and migrant population of Venezuela in Peru. This research has the support of international organizations such as the United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR), World Bank, International Organization for Migration (IOM), United Nations Populated Fund (UNFPA), United Nations Children´s Fund (UNICEF) and World Food Program (WFP).

 

The research revealed that the 73.9% of the Venezuelan population that entered our country was registered in a migration check post. From the Venezuelans that entered, 92.3% reported their entry to Peru in Tumbes check post and 6.9% in Jorge Chavez International Airport. In a lower proportion also registered their entry through Tacna (0.4%), Madre de Dios – Iñapari (0.3%) and Puno (0.1%) check posts. 

 

The Second ENPOVE showed that 35.3% of the refugee and migrant population of Venezuela in Peru do not has migration permission to stay in our country, 33.6% has the alien registration card, 17.8% Temporary Residency Card (CPP), 8.9% with Identity Card (DNI) and 3.8% have a Temporary Residency Permission (PTP) in force or expired.

 

According to ENPOVE 2022, 75.3% of the refugee and migrant population of Venezuela in Peru declared that their intention is to stay for living in our country, which compared with the results of the First ENPOVE 2018 (93.8%) decreased in 18.5 percentage points. Regarding those that do not have the intention of staying to live in Peru, it is observed that this proportion had increased from 6.2% in 2018 to 24.7% in 2022.

 

Regarding to the degree of integration of the households where residences the refugee and migrant population of  Venezuela in Peru, it shows that the 80.6% of that mentioned population resides in households constituted only by persons born in Venezuela, 17.6% in households composed by persons born in Venezuela, in other countries and in Peru, and the 1.5% live in households composed by persons born in Venezuela, in other countries and in Peru and the 1.5% live in households composed just by foreigners (Venezuela and other countries).

 

76.7% of the households supply of water coming from the public network inside the household and the 22.5% by public network outside from the household but inside the building; 76.6% have sewage public network inside the building; and the 22.9% have sewage public network outside the household but inside the building;  99.6% of the households have public lighting; 63.5% has access to the Internet; and the 83.7% use LPG gas to cook its food, meanwhile the 8.6%  use natural gas by pipeline system. 

 

In the employment area it can be noted that the 82.0% of the refugee and migrant population of Venezuela that resides in our country is part of the Economically Active Population (EAP), 97.9% of them have employment and the 2.1% is unemployed. From women, 71.8% are part of the EAP, meanwhile, in the case of men, the proportion reaches the 92.5%.

 

The Second ENPOVE showed that the 19.2% of the refugee and migrant EAP of Venezuela in Peru that is employed have an employment contract, meanwhile that the 80.8% work without any contract. Regarding the monthly income coming from work, it is observed that in average they get payed S/ 1 200 monthly. Likewise, it is observed that women have S/ 1 000 and men S/ 1 299 of average monthly income.

 

By category of occupation it is observed that the 64.4% of the refugee and migrant population of Venezuela in Peru works as employee or worker, the 29.3% as independent worker, 4% as a household worker and 1.3% works as employer.

 

According to the economic activity of the company where they work, 55.0% work in Services sector, 24.3% in Commerce, 12.7% in Manufacturing, 7.2% in Construction and 0.8% in Agriculture, Fishing or Mining.

 

According to education level the refugee and migrant population of Venezuela aged 18 years old and over, the 43.9% have diversified high-school education, 31.0% have university superior education, the 14.4% superior technician, the 9.6% basic education, 1% master or doctoral degree; and the 0.1% do not have education level. 

 

Likewise, the Venezuelan population have university studies approved in Venezuela, 22.9% studied engineering, industry and construction, 19.0% education, 16.7% management, 5.9% law, 5.9% accounting and finances, 5.0% nursing and 3.1% medicine.

Regarding to the access to Insurance, 27.0% have some type of health insurance and the 73.0% don not have any type of insurance. From the population that have a health insurance, the 20.0% have a Comprehensive Health Insurance (SIS), 5.4% have EsSalud and 1.6% have some type of private health insurance. 

 

From the Venezuelan population aged 5 years old and over that arrives to Peru, 70.4% declared that they had not experienced discrimination, meanwhile the 29.6% had experienced discrimination. From this last percentage, 31.0% are women and 28.1% are men. 

 

According to the place where they had been discriminated, the 67.4% happened in the streets or public places, 38.3% in the place of work, 14.0% in public transportation, 9.6% in community/neighborhood, 8.3% in education institution, 3.5% in health establishments and 0.4% in migration offices. 

 

Regarding the grounds of discrimination, these are in its majority associated to the nationality (94.5%); then to the “Race and way to talk” (12.3%) and then to migration condition (5.4%).

 

The Second ENPOVE 2022 showed that 54.8% of the refugee and migrant population of Venezuela aged 14 years old and over that are in Peru sends money to their country; the 36.8% of them do it monthly. 

 

65.2% of the refugee and migrant population that sends money to Venezuela transfers till 100 Soles to its origin country, meanwhile the 25.3% sends 101 to 200 Soles and 9.5% sends 201 and more Soles.

 

About the perception of the needs that are not been covered in the households of the refugee and migrant population of Venezuela, the following is registered: access to health (55.8%), food (45.6%), income/employment generation (40.3%), allocation (31.0%), education and training (28.6%), recreation and fun (19.8%), clothes/personal /self-care (13.3%), regularization of its migratory situation (11.5%), among others.

 

The study “Living Conditions of Venezuelan Population that resides in Peru”, it is posted in the INEI website.