INEI: What jobs could be replaced by the automatization and the generative artificial intelligence in Peru?
Nota de prensa
2 de December de 2025 - 9:08 a. m.
A recent study was elaborated on the basis of the National Household Survey (ENAHO) that performs the National Institute of Statistics and Informatics (INEI) analyzed how technology – from traditional robots to artificial intelligence (AI) – could transform the employment in Peru.
The research development by the Ph.D. Omar Manky Bonilla titled “Double technological challenge: analysis of the exposure to the traditional automatization and the generative artificial intelligence in the Peruvian employment, 2024”, use information of the ENAHO and interviews with employees to identify what labor activities are more vulnerable against the technological advancements.
The document states what are the most exposed jobs to be replaced by machines and robots (traditional automatization), because they entailing repetitive or manual tasks that currently can be made by automatized systems. Among the most exposed employments are:
* Cleaning personnel and office, hotels and other type assistance.
* Kitchen assistances
* Control clerk (monitors) and supply
* Dockworkers
On the other hand, some employments present low exposure to this type of automatization:
* Primary and secondary teachers
* Embroiderers, repairers and sewing assistants
* Hand weavers
* Beauty specialists and relates activities
Jobs most exposed to the generative AI (such as ChatGPT, analysis tools, among others)
Generative AI can significantly reduce the necessary time to perform certain tasks, especially in technical and administrative activities. Among the most exposed jobs outstood:
* Technicians in Administración
* Technicians in Accounting
* Technicians of law and legal services
* Instructors in information technology
* Programmers’ specialists
Meanwhile that the jobs less exposed to the generative AI are:
* Agriculture and livestock labourers
* Farmers and workers of mixed crops
* Labourers of buildings construction
* Retailers of kiosks and markets
* Car, taxis and truck drivers
How vulnerable is the Peruvian employment?
The results show that 1 out of 5 employees (20%) is exposed to the traditional automatization, mainly those that perform manual and routine labours. Similarly, 24.1% presents exposure to the generative AI, mostly technical-administrative employees of the formal sector.
Why the transformation advance more slowly in Peru?
Paradoxically, the Peruvian labour structure acts such as a “natural protection” against the rapid technological adoption. More than 70% of the employed population is informal, which reduces the investment in technology.
Likewise, micro-enterprises predominate with low levels of standardization and digitalization, and many employments continue to begin manual labour.
These decreases the immediate impact of the technological replacement, but also limits the modernization of the labour market.
It is worth to mention that the research was presented by the Research and Development Center of the INEI, during the exposure of the winning studies of the year 2024, in an event performed in the auditorium of the headquarters of the institution.